1.0 Introduction
1.1 Brief history of nondestructive testing and liquid penetrant testing
1.2 Purpose of testing
1.3 Basic principles of liquid penetrant testing
1.4 Types of penetrants commercially available
1.5 Method of personnel qualification
2.0 Liquid penetrant processing
2.1 Preparation of parts
2.2 Adequate lighting
2.3 Application of penetrant to parts
2.4 Removal of surface penetrant
2.5 Developer application and drying
2.6 Inspection and evaluation
2.7 Post cleaning
3.0 Various penetrant testing equipment
3.1 Liquid penetrant testing units
3.2 Lighting required for inspection
3.3 Light measurements
3.4 Materials for penetrant testing
3.5 Precautions in penetrant testing
4.0 Inspection and evaluation of Indications
4.1 Discontinuities inherent in various materials
4.2 Reason for indication
4.3 Appearance of indications
4.4 Time for indications to appear
4.5 Persistence of indications
4.6 Effects of temperature and lighting ( WL to UV)
4.7 Effects of metal smearing operations
4.8 Preferred sequence for penetrant testing
4.9 Precleaning
5.0 Factors affecting indications
5.1 Penetrant used
5.2 Prior processing
5.3 Technique used
6.0 Indications from cracks
6.1 Cracks occuring during solidification
6.2 Cracks occuring during processing
6.3 Cracks occuring during service
7.0 Indications from Porosity
7.1 Forgings
7.2 Castings
7.3 Plate
7.4 Welds
7.5 Extrusions
8.0 Evaluation of Indications
8.1 True indications
8.2 False indications
8.3 Relevant indications
8.4 Nonrelevant indications
9.0 Process control
10.0 Indications, discontinuities and defects
10.1 Indications
10.2 Discontinuities
10.3 Inherent
10.4 Processing
10.4 Service
11.0 Manufacturing processes and associated discontinuities
11.1 Casting processes and associated discontinuities
11.2 Ingots, blooms and billets
12 Sand casting
12.1 Centrifugal casting
12.1 Investment casting
13.0 Wrought processes and associated discontinuities
13.1 Forgings
13.2 Rolled products
13.3 Extruded products
14.0 Welding processes and associated discontinuities
14.1 SAW
14.2 SMAW
14.3 GMAW
14.4 FCAW
14.5 GTAW
14.6 Resistance welding
14.7 Special welding processes – Electron beam, electroslag etc.
15.0 Introduction to Codes, Standards, Specifications and Procedures
15.1 Discussion on ASTM E 165, ASME`Section V
15.2 Question answer session on above codes
15.3 Interpretation / Evaluation
15.4 Materials processing as it affects use of item and test results
15.5 Discontinuities, their causes and effects
15.6 Recognizing discontinuity indications
15.7 Nonrelevant indications
15.8 Relevant indications
16.0 Practical workout
16.1 Procedure B3 on welds and other components
16.2 Procedure A3 on welds and other components]
16.3 Light measurements using light meter
16.4 Recording of indications
16.5 Acceptance criteria
17.0 Report preparation
NDTTECH recommended training time for Level I / II – 24 Hours ( 3 Days minimum)
Recommended training references: (1) ASNT Handbook on PT (2) Nondestructive
Testing Hand book, Robert Mc Master (3) SNT TC 1A
