1.0 Definition of Ultrasonics
1.1 History of Ultrasonic Testing
1.2 Applications of ultrasonic energy
1.3 Basic math review
1.4 Responsibilities of levels of certification
2.0 Basic principles of acoustics
2.1 Nature of sound waves
2.2 Modes of sound wave generation
2.3 Velocity, frequency and wavelength of sound waves
2.4 Attenuation of sound waves
2.5 Acoustic impedance
2.6 Reflection
2.7 Refraction and mode conversion
2.8 Snell’s law and critical angles
2.9 Fresnel effects
3.0 Equipment
3.1 Basic pulse echo instrumentation
3.2 A, B and C scan
3.3 Electronics – Time base, pulser, receiver and various monitor displays
3.4 Control functions
3.5 Basic instrument calibration
3.6 Calibration blocks
3.7 Digital thickness instrumentation
4.0 Transducer operation and theory
4.1 Piezo electric effect
4.2 Types of elements
4.3 Frequency
4.4 Near and far field
4.5 Beam spread
4.6 Construction, materials and shapes
4.7 Transducer types
4.7.1 Normal
4.7.2 Angle
4.7.3 TR
4.8 Beam intensity characteristics
4.9 Sensitivity, resolution and damping
4.10 Mechanical vibration into part
4.11 Other types of transducers
4.11.1 Paint brush
4.11.2 Array
4.11.3 Wheel
5.0 Couplants
5.1 Purpose and principles
5.2 Materials and their efficiency
5.3 Air coupled devices
6.0 Basic Testing methods
6.1 Contact
6.2 Immersion
6.3 Air coupling
7.0 Surface wave and plate waves
7.1 Applications of surface waves
8.0 Surface considerations
8.1 Flat and curved surfaces
8.2 Other geometrical changes
9.0 Pulse echo
9.1 Technique comparison
10.0 Through transmission
11.0 Video on immersion testing, Demonstration of Immersion testing system installed in the classroom
12.0 Alarms
13.0 Automatic and semiautomatic systems
14.0 DAC
14.1 Manual DAC
14.2 Electronic DAC
14.3 Use of DGS scales
15.0 Inspection calibration
15.1 Comparison with reference blocks
15.2 Pulse echo variables
15.3 Reference for planned tests
15.4 Transmission factors
15.5 Transducer
15.6 Couplants
15.7 Materials
16.0 Straight beam examination to specific procedures
16.1 Selection of parameters
16.2 Test standards
16.3 Evaluation of results
16.7 Test reports
17.0 Angle beam examination to specific procedures
17.1 Selection of parameters
17.2 Test standards
17.3 Evaluation of results
17.4 Test reports
18.0 Discontinuity detection on test specimens having natural and artificial discontinuities
18.1 Sensitivity to reflections
18.2 Size, shape and location of discontinuities
18.3 Techniques used in detection
18.4 Wave characteristics
18.5 Material and velocity
19.0 Resolution
19.1 Standard reference comparisons
19.2 History of part
19.3 Probability of type of discontinuity
19.4 Degrees of operator discrimination
19.5 Effects of frequency
19.6 Damping effects
20.0 Determination of discontinuity size
20.1 Various monitor displays and meter indications
20.2 Transducer movement Vs display
20.3 Two dimentional testing techniques
20.4 Signal patterns
21.0 Location of discontinuity
21.1 Amplitude and linear time
21.2 Search technique
22.0 Evaluation
22.1 Comparison procedures
22.2 Standards and references
22.3 Amplitude, area and distance relationship
22.4 Reference reflectors for calibration
22.5 FBH, Balls, Distance amplitude, Area amplitude, SDH
22.6 Application of results of other NDT methods
23.0 Codes, standards, Specifications and procedures
23.1 Understanding the concepts of Specifications
24.0 Short discussion on ASME Codes: ASME`Section V and VIII
25.0 Indications, discontinuities and defects
25.1 Indications
25.2 Discontinuities
25.3 Inherent
25.4 Processing
25.5 Service
26.0 Manufacturing processes and associated discontinuities
26.1 Casting processes and associated discontinuities
26.2 Ingots, blooms and billets
26.3 Sand casting
26.4 Centrifugal casting
26.5 Investment casting
27.0 Wrought processes and associated discontinuities
27.1 Forgings
27.2 Rolled products
27.3 Extruded products
28.0 Welding processes and associated discontinuities
28.1 SAW
28.2 SMAW
28.3 GMAW
28.4 FCAW
28.5 GTAW
28.6 Resistance welding
28.7 Special welding processes – Electron beam, electroslag etc.
29.0 Introduction to Codes, Standards, Specifications and Procedures
29.1 Discussion on ASTM A 435 / E 164
29.2 Question answer session on above codes
29.3 Interpretation / Evaluation
29.4 Materials processing as it affects use of item and test results
29.5 Discontinuities, their causes and effects
29.6 Ultrasonic interpretation of discontinuities
29.7 Noise / cross talk indications
29.8 Other considerations
30.0 Acceptance criteria
NDTTECH recommended training time for Level I / II – 96 Hours ( 12 Days minimum) Recommended training references: (1) ASNT Handbook on UT (2) Nondestructive Testing hand book, Robert Mc Master, (3) Ultrasonic Testing of Materials, J & H Kraukramer (4) SNT TC 1A The above could be considered the minimum delivery topics. Participants are expected to learn and answer questions from these topics in the Level I / Level II examination.
